rspec语法积累
- 作者 firedragonpzy
- 1 八月, 2012
- 暂无评论
- 1 对象.should(_not) be_方法 :应该(不应该)怎么样,方法的返回值为true/false
- describe User do
- it ”should be in any roles assigned to it” do
- user = User.new
- user.assign_role(“assigned role”)
- user.should be_in_role(“assigned role”)
- end
- it ”should not be in any roles unassigned to it” do
- user = User.new
- user.assign_role(“assigned role”)
- user.should_not be_in_role(“unassigned role”)
- end
- end
- 2 before/after(:each/:all) do end
- before(:all) do
- # 会在所有example运行前被调用一次
- end
- before do
- # 与before(:each)相同,会在每个example运行前被调用一次
- end
- after(:each) do
- # 会在每个example运行完后被调用一次
- @post.destroy unless @post.new_record?
- end
- after(:all) do
- # 会在所有examples运行完之后被调用一次
- Post.destroy_all
- end
- 实例:
- describe Post do
- before(:each) do
- @post = Post.new(valid_post_hash) # grabs the hash below
- end
- it ”should be valid” do
- @post.should be_valid
- end
- it ”should not be valid without a title” do
- @post.title = ”
- @post.should_not be_valid
- end
- it ”should not be valid without a body” do
- @post.body = ”
- @post.should_not be_valid
- end
- def valid_post_hash
- {:title => ’test’, :body => ’test body’}
- end
- end
- 4 基本语法
- Strings:
- ‘foo’.should == ’foo’
- ‘foo’.should === ’foo’
- ‘foo’.should_not equal(‘foo’)
- ”.should be_empty
- ‘foo with bar’.should include(‘with’)
- ‘http://fr.ivolo.us’.should match(/http:\/\/.+/i)
- nil.should be_nil
- Numbers:
- 100.should < 200
- 200.should >= 100
- (200 - 100).should == 100
- # (100 - 80) is less than 21
- 100.should be_close(80,21)
- Arrays:
- [1,2,3].should have(3).items
- [].should be_empty
- [1,2,3].should include(2)
- Hashes:
- {}.should be_empty
- {:post => {:title => ’test’}}.should have_key(:post)
- {:post => {:title => ’test’}}.should_not have_key(:title)
- false.should be_false
- true.should be_true
- Records:
- # assuming @post = Post.new(:title => ’test’)
- @post.should be_instance_of(Post)
- @post.should respond_to(:title)
- 5 有关数据库的操作
- 实例:
- def comment
- @post = Post.find(params[:id])
- @comment = Comment.new(params[:comment])
- respond_to do |format|
- if @comment.save && @post.comments.concat(@comment)
- flash[:notice] = ’Comment was successfully updated.’
- format.html { redirect_to post_path(@blogger, @post) }
- format.xml { head :o k }
- else
- flash[:notice] = ’Error saving comment.’
- format.html { redirect_to post_path(@blogger, @post) }
- format.xml { render :x ml => @comment.errors.to_xml }
- end
- end
- end
- 我需要确保我能够对帖子发布评论:
- it ”should add comments to the post” do
- post = posts(:one)
- comment_count = post.comments.size
- post :comment, :id => 1, :comment => {:title => ’test’, :body => ’very nice!’}
- post.reload
- post.comments.size.should == comment_count + 1
- flash[:notice].should match(/success/i)
- response.should redirect_to(posts_path(@blogger, @post))
- end
- 看起来不错?但这个测试例实际测试了许多不该它来测试的东西,它应该只测试action,但是它却连同model也一并测试了,并且它还依赖于fixtures。
- 我们可以使用一个mock object来代替真是的post对象:
- post = mock_model(Post)
- 现在我们需要关注comment的第一行:
- @post = Post.find(params[:id])
- 我希望这一行在测试时得到执行,但是不用测试,我也知道这行代码肯定是工作正常的,因此,我现在要做的就是让这行代码返回我在上面创建的那个mock object:
- Post.should_receive(:find).and_return(post)
- 或者这样:
- Post.stub!(:find).and_return(post)
- 但 是请注意,should_receive和stub!虽然都可以让Post.find返回我的mock object,但是他们的区别却是巨大的,如果我调用了stub!,但是却没有调用Post.find,stub!不会抱怨什么,因为它是个老实人,但是 should_receive就不用,如果我告诉should_receive我会调用Post.find,但却没调用,那问题就来了,它会抱怨为何我不 守信用,并抛出一个异常来警告我。
- 但是跟在他们后面的and_return的作用却是完全相同的,它让你mock或者stub的方法返回你传递给它的任何参数。
- 接下来,我需要对comment做同样的事情:
- comment = mock_model(Comment)
- Comment.should_receive(:new).with({:title => ’comment title’, :body => ’comment body’}).and_return(comment)
- 接下来我需要关注这条语句:
- if @comment.save && @post.comments.concat(@comment)
- 同上面一样:
- comment.should_receive(:save).and_return(true)
- post.comments.should_receive(:concat).and_return(comment)
- 下面我需要测试flash及redirect:
- flash[:notice].should match(/success/i)
- response.should redirect_to(posts_path(blogger, post))
- 现在,还剩下最后一件事情:这个action必须使用blogger变量来进行重定向,这里我使用instance_variable_set来完成这个工作:
- blogger = mock_model(User)
- @controller.instance_variable_set(:@blogger, blogger)
- 基本就是这样,下面是将部分代码放入before中的完整代码:
- describe PostsController, ”comment”, :behaviour_type => :controller, do
- before do
- @post = mock_model(Post)
- Post.should_receive(:find).and_return(@post)
- @comment = mock_model(Comment)
- Comment.should_receive(:new).with.({:title => ’comment title’, :body => ’comment body’}).and_return(@comment)
- @blogger = mock_model(User)
- @controller.instance_variable_set(:@blogger, @blogger)
- end
- it ”should add comments to the post” do
- @comment.should_receive(:save).and_return(true)
- @post.comments.should_receive(:concat).and_return(@comment)
- post :comment, :id => @post.id, :comment => {:title => ’comment title’, :body => ’comment body’}
- flash[:notice].should match(/success/i)
- response.should redirect_to(posts_path(@blogger, @post))
- end
- end